The Chisos Mountains, often referred to as a temperate island in a desert sea, are the most popular hiking area in Big Bend National Park. In the desert, the scenery varies widely—ranging from the Rio Grande floodplain to arid badlands to sotol grasslands to rugged volcanic peaks. The desert provides virtually any backcountry experience sought by a hiker. Some areas are often used; others, more isolated, are seldom used and reflect a true wilderness setting. Hikers and backpackers seeking a truly remote experience often take to the Mesa de Anguila and Deadhorse Mountains, but these magnificent limestone uplifts are best left to experienced backpackers—especially in the dangerous oven of summer.

All overnight backpackers must obtain a free Backcountry Use Permit. Permits are issued in person only on a first come, first served basis up to one day in advance of departure. Permits for the high Chisos designated campsites are available at the Chisos Basin Visitor Center. Maximum group size is 15.

Trails

About 30 miles of park trails are developed and heavily used. These include short nature trails and the trails in the Chisos Mountains. Here are some highlights:

The Santa Elena Canyon Trail -- a .08-mile day hike into one of the three spectacular canyons cut by the Rio Grande. Although this hike is fairly easy, start out early before the scorching mid-day temperatures set in.

The South Rim Trail -- a strenuous 6.3-mile one-way backpack along the South Rim of the Chisos Mountains. Few other hikes in Texas can surpass the quality and sheer quantity of views along the trail. On clear days, the views cover most of the Texas Big Bend country and far into Mexico. If you're in good shape, this trail can be completed in one day, but you might want to allow two or three days to enjoy the beautiful scenery.

The Chimneys Trail -- a 7.6-mile, one-way day hike past the tall ridge of outcrops known as the Chimneys. These rock walls have been landmarks for hundreds of years. Indian petroglyphs decorate one rock wall and the remains of small rock shelters are also evident. This trail is best undertaken in cool weather, because there is little shade and temperatures can be stifling.

The Smoky Creek Trail -- a 15.3-mile one-way backpack through desert foothills on the southwest side of the Chisos mountains. This hike, which is often undertaken in sections, features numerous springs, gorgeous canyons, and views of a seemingly endless sky.

Other than these 30 miles of well-developed trails, most other paths are primitive, difficult to follow, and in some instances no more than a route up a dry wash. Due to the complex topography and vague trails, detailed 7.5 minute topographic maps and a compass are necessary for most hikes.

Water

The dry desert air quickly uses up the body's water reserves. We recommend that you carry a minimum of one gallon of water per person per day in the summer, slightly less in the winter. For half-day hikes, carry at least 2 quarts per person.

Springs and tinajas (depressions in rock where water collects) are unreliable and may be unsafe to drink. Springs are rare in the desert and wildlife depend on them. Please carry enough water to supply your own needs.

Closed Areas

Parts of the backcountry are closed to backpacking:

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